![]() The formal charge of a molecular ion should be equal to the charge on that ion whether it’s an anion or a cation.The formal charge of a neutral molecule must always be zero.Some standards must be kept in mind while determining the formal charge on atoms of molecules N = Non-bonding electrons on an atom in the moleculeī = Bonding electrons or shared electrons with other atoms in the molecule Calculating Formal Chargesįormal Charge = Valence electrons of a free atom – Non-bonding electrons (lone pairs) – ½(Bonding electrons) The formal charge can be calculated using a formula such as It is the formal charge which makes a certain arrangement and configuration suitable for a molecule when more than one resonating structures are possible. ![]() ![]() Why does formal charge exist?Ī formal charge exists because of the deficiencies in the configurations of atoms leading to the formation of molecules. It means that out of different possible configurations and arrangements of atoms on a molecule, the most stable structure will be the one with a formal charge of either zero or as near to zero as possible.Ī formal charge is a fake charge or to be more polite, it is a hypothetical charge because if it were real, the charge would have spread to the whole molecule instead of being contained at a single atom. The best Lewis structure of a molecule is supposed to be the one with the least formal charge. Since the formal charge is a bygone concept relating to the Lewis structures.
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